柔道整復 

 

柔道整復とは

定義と概要

柔道整復は、骨折・脱臼・打撲・捻挫などの外傷を、手技(整復・固定・後療法)によって非観血的に治療し、自然治癒力を最大限に引き出す伝統的医療技術です。
この施術を行う専門職が「柔道整復師」で、国家資格を有し、厚生労働省により医療類似行為と位置付けられています。

歴史的背景

柔道整復術の源流は戦国時代の武術にあり、敵を殺傷する「殺法」と外傷を治療する「活法」が並存していました。
江戸時代以降、道場を拠点に外傷治療技術が体系化され、近代に入って国家資格「柔道整復師法」(1970年)による教育・試験制度が整備されました。

主な施術対象と技法

柔道整復師が扱う代表的な外傷と手技は以下の通りです。

各手技では、まず整復(元の位置に戻す)、次に固定(ギプスやテーピングで安定)、そして後療法(運動療法・電気療法など)を段階的に行います。

教育・資格制度

柔道整復師になるには、大学または養成学校で3年以上かけて基礎医学と柔道整復術を学び、国家試験に合格する必要があります。
免許取得後は「整骨院」「接骨院」と呼ばれる施設で開業・勤務し、健康保険を用いた外傷治療が認められます。

保険適用と実務領域

追加情報

柔道整復は、外傷直後の応急処置から機能回復までを一貫して担い、患者の生活復帰を支える医療専門職です。さらに詳しい歴史や具体的な手技の手順についてご興味があればお知らせください。

Judo Therapy Techniques

Core Treatment Framework

Judo therapy techniques organize into three sequential phases: reduction of displaced structures (整復法), stabilization or immobilization of the injured area (固定法), and post-treatment modalities to promote functional recovery (後療法).

Manual Therapy Techniques

Judo therapy’s manual interventions (手技療法) leverage purely hands-on stimulation—without drugs or instruments—to enhance circulation, relieve pain, and accelerate tissue repair. Six principal methods are employed based on injury stage and tissue response.

  1. Kyōmasahō (強摩法, Deep Pressing and Stroking)
    Also called Anbuhō (
    按撫法), this technique uses firm, circular strokes with the palm or fingers to penetrate deep muscle layers without causing excessive discomfort. The therapist moves the hand in a circular trajectory while gradually increasing pressure to promote blood flow, reduce edema, and stimulate fibroblast activity for tissue regeneration.
  2. Keimasahō (軽摩法, Light Stroking)
    A gentle gliding technique performed with the fingertips or palm, lightly following muscle fibers and adjacent healthy tissue. It primarily warms superficial structures, enhances cutaneous sensation, and prepares the tissue for deeper manual work or subsequent exercise therapy.
  3. Sattahō (擦打法, Rubbing and Light Percussion)
    Combines rubbing, tapping, and mild shaking using either fingertips or palm edges. This method promotes lymphatic drainage by dispersing local exudates and facilitates the removal of inflammatory metabolites, thus reducing pain and swelling in the acute phase.
  4. Chōdahō (挑打法, Percussive Tapping)
    Employs rhythmic tapping on muscle bellies using relaxed fingers or the edge of the hand. Taps are modulated in intensity and frequency to stimulate neuromuscular pathways, relax hypertonic muscles, and recalibrate proprioceptive feedback for improved motor control.
  5. Shinsenhō (振せん法, Vibration/Shaking)
    Involves applying small-amplitude oscillations to targeted muscle or joint segments. By inducing controlled vibrations, the therapist helps release myofascial adhesions, restoring pliability and enhancing joint lubrication for smoother movement patterns.
  6. Sōnetsuhō (掻捏法, Kneading)
    A kneading action in which opposing pressures are alternately applied by the thumb or fingers to manipulate muscle fibers and connective tissue. Similar to petrissage in Western massage, it breaks down fibrotic tissue and reinforces structural realignment during the remodeling phase.

Physical Modalities and Exercise Therapy

In addition to hands-on techniques, judo therapy employs physical modalities—such as electrical stimulation, laser or infrared light, heat packs, hydrotherapy, and mechanical traction—to synergistically enhance the healing cascade and normalize tissue function.

Exercise therapy (運動療法) follows manual and modality interventions through passive, assistive, and active movements to restore joint range of motion, rebuild muscle strength, and reintegrate patients into daily or athletic activities.

This structured blend of reduction, stabilization, manual stimulation, physical modalities, and targeted exercise defines the hallmark of judo therapy’s non-invasive approach to musculoskeletal injury management. If you’d like a case-specific protocol—tailored to injury timing, patient tolerance, and functional goals—let me know, and I can outline a bespoke treatment plan.